What is Osteoporosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

What is Osteoporosis - Essay Example After the maximal bone mass is achieved at the age 30, the pace of bone misfortune for both sex is roughly 0.5% every year, and it increment to around 1% every year or more in menopausal ladies. This is so on the grounds that, estrogen demonstrations in a roundabout way to stifle bone re-sorption, an activity diminished/missing during menopause. Poor sustenance or an age-related lessening in intestinal assimilation of calcium as a result of inadequate initiation of nutrient D is a guilty party of the pervasiveness of Osteoporosis among old. In the United States, 10 million individuals as of now have osteoporosis. Millions more have low bone mass, or osteopenia, putting them at expanded hazard for progressively genuine bone misfortune and resulting fractures.Hip cracks are normal and are regularly crushing in the geriatric populace. Other hazard factors saw as related with this ailment incorporate, smoking, liquor ingestion and hereditary inclination. Similarly as with the current cas e understanding Hunt showed practically the entirety of the demonstrated hazard factors, having had hysterectomy at the age 45 instigating early menopause, smoking and liquor utilization and the vast majority of every one of the, a past filled with calcium and Vitamin D lack as prove by Rickets sickness in her adolescence. Weight-bearing activities like running, strolling, paddling and weight lifting are significant in keeping up bone mass. Studies have shown that pre-menopausal ladies need more than 1000mg and post-menopausal ladies needs 1500mg of calcium day by day (Andrews. 1998). This implies grown-ups should drink 3 to 4 glasses of milk every day or substitute different nourishments that are high in calcium (Bukata and Rosier. 2000). Calcium supplements and a day by day admission of 400-800 IU of Vitamin D is suggested in light of the fact that the last enhances calcium assimilation and restrains parathyroid emission, invigorating calcium re-sorption from the bone (Weinstein and Ullery. 2000). Estrogen Therapy is the absolute most impressive mediation to decrease the rate and movement of osteoporosis. Whenever initiated following menopause forestalls beginning period bone misfortune and gives advantageous impacts whenever regulated all through the multi decade of ladies' years (Gambert Et. Al. 19 95). Ladies with bosom malignancy, dynamic liver ailment, a background marked by blood clumps, or unexplained vaginal draining should, under no situation, go on HRT (Cooper). Furthermore ladies who have headache cerebral pains, high triglycerides, gallbladder or interminable liver infection, a past filled with malignancy of the uterus or ovaries, fibroids, history of endometriosis, or a background marked by presentation to the estrogen DES should go under cautious assessment before thinking about HRT (Hueseman, 2002). Dynamic treatment of osteoporosis utilizes four kinds of specialists; gonadal hormones (estrogen), calcitonin, fluorides and biphosphonates. Calcitonin can be utilized to diminish osteoclastic movement. Despite the fact that the danger of endometrial disease is expanded with hormone treatment, hazard is diminished with ensuing organization of progestin (Riggs and Melton. 1992). In the situations where break is included, the executives incorporates immobilization, torme nt drug, early ambulation and wound consideration. Careful intercession is accomplished for stable crack obsession that permits early reclamation of portability and capacities; this implies early weight bearing. Strolling and

Global Warming Issues Facing the U.S. Today Essay Example for Free

An unnatural weather change Issues Facing the U.S. Today Essay From the beginning of time, the quickest increment rate in the normal worldwide temperature has been recorded during the previous 50 years, and specialists further accept that the pattern is alarmingly quickening. An unnatural weather change is a mind boggling wonder, and its out and out results are hard to predict early. In any case, each year researchers acquire information on how an unnatural weather change is upsetting the planet, and many have a similar supposition that clear results are required to happen if present patterns continue. Except if Americans diminish a worldwide temperature alteration outflows, troubling and practically irreversible effect on the nation, planet and its life will be extraordinarily expected sooner rather than later. US Issues Air toxins, especially carbon dioxide that is collecting in the climate is gathering broadly, catching the warmth of the sun and making the earth warm up. Notwithstanding the way that Americans make up simply 4 percent of the world’s occupants, yet through non-renewable energy source consuming, they produce approximately 25 percent of the overall carbon dioxide contamination, which is extensively the biggest portion of any country (â€Å"Global Warming Basics†). In the United States, the biggest wellsprings of carbon dioxide are the coal-consuming force plants, delivering 2. 5 billion tons yearly; while cars running all through the country’s boulevards are the second biggest source, delivering right around 1. 5 billion tons every year (â€Å"Global Warming Basics†). In the United States, an unnatural weather change is now causing harm in its various districts. In June 2006, a board sorted out by the United States National Research Council, the main science arrangement body of the nation, communicated certainty that the planet is the most sizzling it has been in any event four centuries, and likely even the most recent 20 centuries (â€Å"Global Warming†). Snow development in the United States has declined by very nearly 60 percent and winter seasons have abbreviated in various areas of the Cascade Range in Washington and Oregon since the mid 1950s (â€Å"Global Warming Basics†). Oregon, Arizona and Colorado endured their most horrendous natural life seasons, and dry spell delivered persistent residue storms in Kansas, Colorado and Montana, and floods caused a huge number of dollars in obliteration in North Dakota, Kansas, Colorado and Montana. No different, by the last piece of the century, an unnatural weather change is relied upon to additionally raise the average temperatures of the United States to three to nine degrees, which is required to influence a greater amount of the country’s species and natural life that can't bear hotter conditions. Americans prosperity is also in danger, as anomalous atmosphere changes may realize the spread of specific sicknesses, a more prominent chance of warmth stroke, poor air quality, and the flooding of the country’s chief urban communities. End America must take an authority work in comprehending the an unnatural weather change emergency. Innovations exist today that make power plants produce power from nonpolluting sources, vehicles consume less gas and run cleaner, and power utilization lower and progressively effective. Americans can pay attention to the underlying move in battling for vitality protection and assembling of increasingly effective apparatuses, just as increment their dependence on sustainable power sources, for example, geothermal, sun and wind. As of now, the test for the nation is to be sure that these arrangements are actualized. Lamentably, while the innovations are available, the country’s political and corporate will to place them into broad misuse are disappearing. Without question, each american must interest for it if improvement and natural supportability are wanted to be accomplished. Works Cited â€Å"Global Warming. † 2008. Standford SOLAR Center. 16 March 2009 http://sun powered focus. stanford. edu/sun-on-earth/glob-warm. html. â€Å"Global Warming Basics. † 18 October 2005. Normal Resources Defense Council. 16 March 2009 http://www. nrdc. organization/globalWarming/f101. asp.

When and How to Effectively Take a Mental Health Day

When and How to Effectively Take a Mental Health Day Stress Management Job Stress Print When You Should Take a Mental Health Day By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on September 10, 2019 RelaxFoto.de/Getty Images More in Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress Everyone has to deal with varying levels of stress. This can be particularly difficult to manage if you also have symptoms of depression or anxiety. When you feel like youre stress levels have reached their peak, it might be time to take a quick break to reset. Sometimes taking a mental health dayâ€"a day off thats specifically geared toward stress relief and burnout preventionâ€"is the best thing you can do for yourself. While one day might not solve heavy underlying problems that lead to burnout, a mental health day can provide a much-needed break to pause, regroup, and come back with greater levels of energy and a fresh, less-stressed perspective. Unfortunately, employers are not always supportive of psychological issues that workers may face. Yet mental health issues take a serious economic toll worldwide.?? According to research conducted by the World Health Organization, anxiety and depressive disorders cost more than a trillion dollars globally in lost productivity each year. Whatever stressors you face, these tips can help you take a mental health day and make the most of it. Take a  Day Once you have decided to take a mental health day, the question then becomes when and how. Ideally, if you can schedule a day off ahead of time, ensuring that youve taken steps to rearrange your workload or find a replacement for the day, this is the best way to do it, so youre not feeling stress about taking the day off. However, if you wake up in the morning and just feel that you cant face the stress of the day, this may be a good time to take a mental health day and make the most of it. While there has been a growing movement to destigmatize mental health issues in the workplace, many employers still believe that mental health concerns are not legitimate reasons to miss a day of work. A survey commissioned by the British government found that 70% of employers did not believe that stress, anxiety, and depression were valid reasons for missing work.?? More than half of employees felt that their employer did not take mental health issues seriously. For that reason, many workers report faking illness in order to get time off to cope. The decision of when to take a mental health day really depends on your personal situation. If your employer is supportive and you are comfortable sharing your reasons, feel free to plan a mental health day out in advance. If you dont want to divulge your reasons for taking a day or if your employer is less understanding, dont feel obligated to share. You can: Plan to use some of your time offSchedule your mental health day for a day you already have offIf absolutely necessary, call in sick Weekends work well, too. While a traditional mental health day generally includes taking a day off from work, its not necessary to call in sick to take a day to focus on stress relief. How to Cope With Mental Health Stigma What to Expect Knowing what you can expect to get out of a mental health day is important. Its important to remember that it isnt a day to hide from your problems.   An effective mental health day can help you: DestressReset your perspectiveTake a step back to evaluateGet a handle on your emotionsRelaxRest Problems can seem harder to deal with when they seem close, overwhelming, and inescapable. Taking a mental break from work and spending some time on self-care can sometimes give you that mini-break you need to head back into things with a clear head. Decide What You Need Most Sometimes this one is a no-brainerâ€"if youre exhausted, your body will be screaming that it needs to rest; if you feel you cant face another day of hard work, you may just need to have some fun. However, if youre feeling overwhelmed, you may not be as aware of your needs. Take a minute and really reflect: would you benefit the most from some tension relief? Or from making a few changes that will relieve stress in the future? Some time with a loved one? Or just a change of scenery? As different stressors require different responses, different types of mental health days fill unique needs. If You Need to Relax Taking a mental health day often means taking time out to relax. That can mean watching TV  in pajamas for hours or puttering around the house and doing nothing, and as long as this isnt an everyday thing, thats fine. However, some activities can take a little front-end effort and feel immensely relaxing once theyre completed. Some things you can try include:?? Taking a walk in natureAttending a yoga classSwimming at the gymGetting a massage The key is to spend time doing an activity that you find relaxing, whether its taking a hike, exploring a museum, or just spending some time immersed in a good book. Things NOT to Do Binge-watch TVAvoid friends and familySmoke, drink, or use other substancesOvereat unhealthy foodsRuminate or wallow in negative emotionsSpend all day reading posts on social media There are plenty of ways to spend your day, whether you decide to catch up on some much-needed sleep, indulge in a hobby you love, or hang out with a friend. Spend your day on activities that boost your physical and mental wellness. Simple Ways to Relax If You Need Some Fun If you really need a change of scenery and a Ferris Buellers Day Off kind of mental health day, be sure you make the most of it. Plan at least one fun eventâ€"either something you normally love to do and dont do enough  or something youve always wanted to try. Take along a good friend, if possible, to really make the day memorable. If nothing grabs your attention, try to engage in gratifications  or activities that provide just the right type of challenge: hobbies, games, and the like. If You Need to Make Some Changes If the stressors seem to pile up and youre looking for a way to slow down and stop the noise, you may want to take a day to restructure things. You may not be able to eliminate all of your ongoing stressors in a day, but you might be able to make a significant reduction in a few areas, and that may create a lasting impact on your stress levels. Start by: Create a list of things that drain your energyWork from there on eliminating stressorsTake a look at your prioritiesCut out some of your larger stressorsWork on increasing job satisfaction Dont expect to be able to take on all of this in a single day. If you want to use your mental health day to make real changes in your life, use it as a chance to evaluate, plan, and get ready to work on those changes. If You Need More of a Break If you need more of a break than just one day, consider taking a staycation or vacation. You may also consider whether youre headed toward burnout.  If youre concerned that your overall stress levels are greater than a mental health day, a vacation, or online resources can help, you may want to bring up your concerns with your doctor, or talk to a professional. There are many steps that can be taken to help. The Best Online Therapy Programs A Word From Verywell Look for ways to keep stress levels low and so that you dont wake up one morning in dire need of an emergency mental health day. A mental health day can be useful on occasion, but you should also strive to make your mental health a priority every day. How to Maintain Balance

The Use of Digital Fabrication in the Architectural Design Free Essay Example, 3750 words

In order for a given geometric configuration to be realized through digital fabrication, a detailed geometry is required. A system of elements can then be obtained from based on the detailed geometry that is provided. Also, the digital fabrication process can be integrated with the iterative design process and the elements required may grow exponentially. This is as a result of the fact that as the design process advances, more geometric configurations are added and this add some details to the given surface. The description of the NURBS surface is defined systematically to create a supporting framework of ribs. Programming techniques can then be used to extract the geometric information that is contained within each NURBS surface. This is the final information that is used to generate templates that are used in the digital fabrication process (Piegl and Tiller, p. 48). It should be noted that digital fabrication has played an important role in redefining the traditional architectur al design process. Through the adoption of digital design principles, a designer can closely integrate the design process and the physical representations that are obtained. We will write a custom essay sample on The Use of Digital Fabrication in the Architectural Design or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

A Problem Of Conflict Resolution - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1776 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Conflict Resolution Essay Did you like this example? Introduction While conflict can be difficult to deal with because it involves change, sometimes it can seem like a threat to the relationships involved. Let me explain briefly. Sometimes an Individual wants to make things work and the other person in conflict says they want the same thing, but only on their terms. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Problem Of Conflict Resolution" essay for you Create order Although the other person wants it only on their terms, they do not state it verbally, but behaviorally, or they may come to a verbal agreement but do not display the behavior or actions of the agreement. They may even forcefully state their demand upon the other Individual. This is not conflict resolution, it is manipulation, therefore making the conflict unresolvable. This may have a note of behaviorism, which is a theoretical approach that seeks to explain behavior in terms of learning principles, but without reference to inner states, thoughts, or feelings of the person who does want to work cooperatively and even in the one who just wants to work everything together for the good. (Baumeister Bushman) In other words, it is as James 4:1 states: What is causing all the quarrels and fights among you? Isnt it your desires battling inside you? (Complete Jewish Bible, Stern) While many different avenues could be approached, and addressed such as Parental Alienation, PTSD, normal family conflict, and many others, I want to direct our attention to a man of whom it is said, his life (book) is about the suffering of men, although it was really a conflict within Job and between Job and God. The conflict, I believe well discover was not a misunderstanding, nor coming to an understanding, but rather an understanding that it is normal to not understand (at times), but to trust and for God to reveal more of Himself, not only to those who hear, but who will look. Nagy, and Wolf outline a good source of possible strategies which may also become visible in the life of Job and his confrontations even with God. Body In the normal course of life, When a dispute arises, often the best course of action is negotiation to resolve the disagreement. (Nagy, Wolf) The goals of negotiation are: To produce a solution that all parties can agree to: To work as quickly as possible to find this solution: To improve, not hurt, the relationship between the groups in conflict. (Nagy, Wolf) These were all evident, or became evident in the struggle of Job. Conflict is often from a perceived disparity between at least two individuals, however, at times within the person themselves which may become the causation for an individuals behavior socially toward another or their own mental dilemma rooted within. Sometimes it is a misunderstanding of wrestling not against flesh and blood, but which the visible is the flesh and blood one is dealing with. How do we differentiate between the spirit and the person while yet forgiving the person without forgiving the thing we are wrestling with in that person or ourselves? The apostle Paul, in Romans 7 describes the inner human conflict, but also the resolution if the person will accept the resolution, while James describes the causation of the conflict. Jobs causation, however, was the way God (performed) was before Jobs trial and the way it seemed God (alienated) did not act on his behalf, or even acted against Job, as Job accused. In astounding, and probably unrealized agreement, Baumeister Bushman state, Interpersonally, if your inconsistent behaviors affect others, you may suffer social rejection and ostracism. (Baumeister Bushman) However, you should not feel obligated to behave consistently with a commitment that you were tricked into making. If it is not clear whether you were tricked into making a commitment, ask yourself this question: Knowing what I know now, if I could go back in time, would I make the same commitment? (pg 266) In other words, if you did not know you were deceived by the old nature but now am made aware of the resolution, you have a choice. Within this framework is a basis of conflict which requires resolution. Jobs situation was allowed by God. While it may appear to some (not to Job) that God tricked Job, he obviously would have made the same commitment. Job did not curse God and die, as suggested by his wife. Baumeister Bushman go on to say, If the answer is yes, behave consiste ntly with the commitment. If the answer is no, dont do it! (pg 266 Baumeister Bushman) To whom or what is your commitment to freedom or slavery, God, or self? Job was engulfed in conflict resolution, but mostly within and his three friends did not help. Job may have even been angry to some extent. God said he was blameless, Job knew he served God, and loved others, but his three friends kept him in conflict and Job wondered before God why and what is going on. Job was then confronted by a youth after Jobs three friends could not win an argument with Job, nor convince him of any wrongdoing. Remember, Job was blameless. Elihu said (with disgust) to all three friends of Job, I will not answer Job with your arguments and then let Job have it. We do not see anywhere that Job retaliated as he had with his three friends. We do see God interrupt Elihu to confront Job. When all was said and done, Job put his hand over his mouth, confessed, and repented before God restored his life. God even told Job to pray for his three friends (not including Elihu) because THEY did not speak right of God. What is it Job confessed though if he was blameless. Job s aid, Yes, I spoke, without understanding, of wonders far beyond me, which I didnt know. (Job 42:3, CJB) There is another reality Job recognized that brought resolution, or clarity to him in his conflict of which he sought resolution. It is found in Job 42:5, and it says, I had heard about you with my ears (faith comes by hearing the word of God), but now my eye sees you. (CJB) That was even before God restored everything x 2 to Job! Conflict resolution through negotiation can be good for all parties involved. Often, each side will get more by participating in negotiations than they would by walking away, and it can be a way for your group to get resources that might otherwise be out of reach. (Nagy, Wolf) Job experienced resolution through this conflict because he did not walk away, nor did he take his wifes advice, and though Job is the oldest book in the Bible, and probably the most desired if all other writings were lost, he still may have understood what Isaiah wrote in 1:18. That is the ultimate negotiation of God, the source of resolutions, and how Job was to get resources that might otherwise be out of reach. (Nagy, Wolf) Conflict resolution often speaks as having one in opposition to another, however, it also speaks of legitimate requests or expectations. Jobs three friends were obviously not legitimate accusations, but Elihus response was. We see four things at work in a situation in which there was conflict that found resolution. These four things may guide us in our own inner wrestle as well as our struggles with others. Those four things are stated as: I want it my way (unwilling to change or accept that change must occur. i.e. repentance) I have faith because Ive heard about you (the point of faith is that after, you have done the will of God, you might receive the promise) I dont understand and sometimes I dont need to BUT now my eye sees You. (Coming face to face with the One you really have an issue with) When we settle these four and come to the place of Job, even Christ, we may more assuredly walk out the many conflicts, yet with the understanding, in your anger do not sin. Apparently, Job did not. He just did not understand what was going on, before, during, and after. He just saw God and understood he did not understand, but God does. The conflict was quieted, not when God confronted him, but when he saw God, repented, and put his hand over his own mouth. Although God speaks of anger as something to not let linger, nor does it resolve anything, Baumeister Bushman say, Anger may therefore actually reduce aggression, compared to what the world would be like if people went directly into aggressive action as soon as they experienced conflict or frustration, which would say anger may be an avenue to resolution. (pg 200) Though we do not see the possible anger of Job, we do see his taunts toward his friends. Imagine if his friends responded in anger, assuming Job must have committed a crime against God. Job would have surely been put out of his misery and everyone else. Conclusion But how does this equate to living in the world and working with those who are slaves and those who claim to not be, yet obviously are using grace instead of repentance as their excuse to remain where they are? Grace gives favor to overcome, but learning the principles of repentance gives power, vision, and authority to be an overcomer. Repentance is effectively the hand that can grasp, and Grace is the glove that covers and is necessary to protect and comfort. We may also use the learning principles of forgiveness to not only offer grace to ourselves and others but walk in a humility and standard of repentance. The causation of most of our conflict is within our commitment to understand that not only is God not always understandable, but neither are we. However, resolution to the conflict is found with God, not in negotiating terms, but accepting His. Simply put, it is not the presence of conflict that stresses the relationship; it is the way one responds. (Berger) The resolution is not found without conflict, so both are necessary although not necessarily considered good to our emotions. Understanding that we do not need to understand, while still working through conflict, is able to bring resolution sometimes, all by itself within a person. Work Cited Baumeister, R.F., Bushman, B.J. (2017) Social psychology and human nature (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage. Berger, Marcia Naomi. Do Unresolvable Conflicts Doom a Marriage? PschCentral, World of Psychology, 2015, psychcentral.com/blog/do-unresolvable-conflicts-doom-a-marriage/. Stern, David. The Complete Jewish Bible. Clarksville: Jewish New Testament Publications, 1998. Print. Wolf, Rebecca, and Jenette Nagy. Section 6. Training for Conflict Resolution. Community Tool Box, University of Kansas, ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/implement/provide-information-enhance-skills/conflict-resolution/main.

Technology vs. Values Environment Free Essays

Technology is what governs the aspect of being judged as a developed nation or country. To determine the effect that technology has on the true evolution of a society needs to be considered from two angles. First and foremost technological innovation is what brings about progress. We will write a custom essay sample on Technology vs. Values Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Technological advancements take place when a society needs to make their living more comfortable and safe. This brings up the other point handling technology, the second aspect. Mans needs and wants are rarely distinguishable. It happens quite often that man cannot outline his basic needs and requirements due to which the technology developed are not in sync with their values and cultures. Technological advancements affect all three spheres of a society- social, political economical. Therefore over-indulgence in technological progress will indeed lead to the neglect of social, economic and political values. Excess of everything is bad. To begin with technological progress is extremely costly and requires a very large investment. Large investments in this field would require the fiscal resources allotted to education and removal of poverty in developing nations especially to be decreased. An example of this scenario is the Indian National Congress. The INC made the nuclear deal with the USA. Despite the help being provided by the USA, India will still have to make large investments in setting up large nuclear plants equipment. Such investments will be made in the light, that even today majority of the population is illiterate and lives below the poverty line. Apart from people, persistent technological development poses a grave threat to environment. The present situation of global warming is completely attributed to mindless technological development. The extensive power consumption by factories in the USA is a matter of great contention in the United Nations, as it is a major contributor to global warming. Technology empowers us, true. But with great power, comes great responsibility! How to cite Technology vs. Values Environment, Essays

Summary of Taiho Plastics Industries Private Limited free essay sample

Taiho Plastics Industries Private Limited In 1976, Mr. Wong Ling Kah one of the co-owners of the family-owned Taiho Plastics Industries took over the management of the company and later became the managing director. Between 1978 and 1982, as the industry was trying to counter the effects of recession, Mr. Wong moved to invest for an approximate amount of $5. 2 Million to replace their outdated hong kong extruder, sealer, and cutter with more efficient Japanese machinery. These were financed through loans from financial institutions. Such a decision was considered unwise by people within the business community. Mr. Wong however, personally believed that the investment was justifiable taking into consideration the lower unit cost and the company’s plan to be competitive in the international market. The manufacturing of plastic bags consist of three basic processes: extrusion, printing and cutting, and sealing. The maximum working capacity of the machines is 350 tons per month. Cost of production has fallen from ,914,831. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Taiho Plastics Industries Private Limited or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 00 in 1980 to 3,846,254. 00 in 1981. To meet production date lines and high volume of orders, the company may increase the number of shifts per day. There may be from 1 to 3 shifts depending on the work load. Production is stopped once every two weeks to allow both man and machine to rest. Plastic resins are the main raw materials which form 65% of total cost in comparison to direct costing and overheads which account for 25% and 10%, respectively. These raw materials are imported through trading companies or subsidiaries of resin manufacturers. Shipments of these raw materials usually take two to three months and sometimes four months. Taiho is in good terms with its suppliers and so far has only experienced minimal problems, even during times of tight supply. The company however, does not practice any formal system of stock control. It restocks every 15 days, and if the company should require more, it will result to spot buying. For finished goods, the stocks are also low as the company can work up a stock equivalent to the volume of a shipping container within 15 days. Plastic bags used in Singapore include vest bags, carrier bags, garbage bags, food wrapping bags, industrial packaging bags, and market bags. On the local scene, Taiho is concentrating on these two segments: supermarket and emporiums where there is a demand for bags of a higher quality and print. Sales operate on a contractual basis and orders have been regular. Taiho enjoys a core of regular customers. It is not heavily dependent on any one of them in particular and believes in having at least two clients in every country it exports to. Mr. Wong supplies not more than 50% of each client’s requirements and this help to reduce dependence and risks. At present, Australia accounts for 80% of sales, Holland and the U. S. 10% and another 10% from domestic demand. Local sales, however, which previously accounted for 25% of total sales, have now dropped to only 10%. Mr. Wong believes that the key to expansion is to look west and is currently trying to establish contacts in the U. S. The introduction of a double tax reduction on 80% of advertising cost has encouraged mr. Wong to advertise in a few trade journals. The plastic bags industry in Singapore is characterized by large number of small competitors. On the other hand there are many small volume users and large volume users making it a highly fragmented market which results to a high company failure rate in this type of industry. In 1983 alone, sixteen companies went out of business and during this period, most if not all manufacturers were operating below capacities. Over 90% of these manufacturers have plastic bags as their sole product while a few have diverted to related activities such as the trading of plastic resins. In Singapore, there are two companies that stand out in terms of the size of operations and finances are Lamipak and Maya Plastics. Both of these companies invest in research and development to improve their production and with the recent development of automated machines that can be operated at lower unit cost. Traditionally, production of plastic bags has been labor-intensive. But due to technological advancement and innovation, one can produce bags economically by having a lesser number of employees to work for the over-all production process. Since 1979, the number of employees at Taiho has fallen from 150 to 65 due to lesser human labor requirement and with major changes in the industry. As a step in training, mr. Wong has sent three senior supervisors and six shift supervisors to courses at NPB. The production manager is also attending a two-year course in production management. Taiho has no immediate objective to compete head-on with Lamipak and Maya Plastics whose approaches are different from those of other local firms. Learning from example, Taiho is now paying more attention to the development of innovative bags. Mr. Wong’s future plans were to expand the company’s base in the U. S. market once he would come up with a strong financing.

Personality Theories and Their Relevance

The History of Fluorescent Lights

The History of Fluorescent Lights How were fluorescent lights and lamps developed?  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹When most people think of lighting and lamps, they think of the incandescent light bulb developed by Thomas Edison and other inventors. Incandescent light bulbs work by using electricity and a filament. Heated by electricity, the filament inside the light bulb exhibits resistance that results in high temperatures that cause  the filament to glow and emit light. Arc or vapor lamps work differently (fluorescents fall under this category), the light is not created from heat, the light is created from the chemical reactions that occur when electricity is applied to different gases enclosed in a glass vacuum chamber. The Development of Fluorescent Lights In 1857, the French physicist Alexandre E. Becquerel who had investigated the phenomena of fluorescence and phosphorescence  theorized about the building of fluorescent tubes similar to those made today. Alexandre Becquerel experimented with coating electric discharge tubes with luminescent materials, a process that was further developed in later fluorescent lamps. American Peter Cooper Hewitt (1861-1921) patented (U.S. patent 889,692) the first mercury vapor lamp in 1901. The low-pressure mercury arc lamp of Peter Cooper Hewitt is the very first prototype of todays modern fluorescent lights. A fluorescent light is a type of electric lamp that excites mercury vapor to create luminescence.The Smithsonian Institute says that Hewitt built on the work of German physicist Julius Plucker and glassblower Heinrich Geissler. Those two men passed an electric current through a glass tube containing tiny amounts of gas and made light.  Hewitt worked with mercury-filled tubes in the late  1890s  and found that they gave off abundant but unappealing bluish-green light. Hewitt didnt think people would want lamps with blue-green  light in their homes, so he looked for other applications for it in photographic studios and industrial uses.  George Westinghouse and Peter Cooper Hewitt formed the Westinghouse-controlled Cooper Hewitt Electric Company to produce the first commercial mercury lamps. Marty Goodman in his History of Electric Lighting cites Hewitt as inventing the first enclosed arc-type lamp using metal vapor in 1901. It was a low-pressure mercury arc lamp. In 1934, Edmund Germer created a high-pressure arc lamp that could handle a lot more power in a smaller space. Hewitts low-pressure mercury arc lamp put off a large amount of ultraviolet light. Germer and others coated the inside of the light bulb with a fluorescent chemical that absorbed UV light and re-radiated that energy as visible light. In this way, it became an efficient light source. Edmund Germer,Friedrich Meyer, Hans Spanner, Edmund Germer: Fluorescent Lamp Patent U.S. 2,182,732 Edmund Germer (1901-1987) invented a high-pressure vapor lamp, his development of the improved fluorescent lamp and the high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp allowed for more economical lighting with less heat. Edmund Germer was born in Berlin, Germany, and educated at the University of Berlin, earning a doctorate in lighting technology. Together with Friedrich Meyer and Hans Spanner, Edmund Germer patented an experimental fluorescent lamp in 1927. Edmund Germer is credited by some historians as being the inventor of the first true fluorescent lamp. However, it can be argued that fluorescent lamps have a long history of development before Germer. George Inman and Richard Thayer: The First Commercial Fluorescent Lamp George Inman led a group of General Electric scientists researching an improved and practical fluorescent lamp. Under pressure from many competing companies, the team designed the first practical and viable fluorescent lamp (U.S. Patent No. 2,259,040) that was first sold in 1938. It should be noted that General Electric bought the patent rights to Edmund Germers earlier patent. According to The GE Fluorescent Lamp Pioneers, On Oct 14, 1941, U.S. Patent No. 2,259,040 was issued to George E. Inman; the filing date was Apr 22, 1936. It has generally been regarded as the foundation patent. However, some companies were working on the lamp at the same time as GE, and some individuals had already filed for patents. GE strengthened its position when it purchased a German patent that preceded Inmans. GE paid $180,000 for U.S. Patent No 2,182,732 that had been issued to Friedrich Meyer, Hans J. Spanner, and Edmund Germer. While one might argue the real inventor of the fluorescent lamp, it is clear that GE was the first to introduce it. Other Inventors Several other inventors patented versions of the fluorescent lamp, including Thomas Edison. He filed a patent (U.S. Patent 865,367) on May 9, 1896, for a fluorescent lamp that was never sold. However, he did not use mercury vapor to excite the phosphor. His lamp used x-rays.

Sarbanes-Oxley Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sarbanes-Oxley Act - Essay Example Sarbanes-Oxley Act The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is deemed to be quite effective in protecting the investors and enhancing the factor of accurateness and reliability in various corporate financial activities. It has further been noted that the act mainly aims at enhancing the above mentioned aspects in a constant basis with the implementation of strict laws and rules for audit committees of public companies, binding accounting professionals’ functions under the stated regimes (Rolf, 2005). Effectiveness of Sarbanes-Oxley Act in Minimizing Corporate Fraud and Protecting Investors The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, with its strict supervision encourages companies to adopt stern control system on their operational activities, which are expected to minimise the crime rates relating to investor fraud within the organisation. The effectiveness of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act can be exemplified from the fact that it has been able to develop various new legal enforcements with regard to deal with corporate f raud and ensure punitive measures for the wrongdoers within any business. Additionally, the effectiveness of the act can also be justified from the fact that it not only punishes the companies that are involved in fraud but also the participants who initiates the same and therefore, assists in maintaining an all-inclusive framework to prevent accounting fallacies (Rolf, 2005; Ernst & Young, n.d.). Suggestions for Improvement. The act aims to take continuous plunges in developing its strategies and creating provisions that can restrain companies and accounting professionals from conducting corporate fraud, taking its learning outcomes from the classic disaster case of Enron scandal. However, like any other act or legal provision, Sarbanes-Oxley Act also has the scope for further improvement, so that it can enhance its effectiveness to the next level. Suggestively, the act needs to include certain penalties that would be efficient to target low level frauds. Currently, the charged pen alty structure of the act can be regarded as quite severe for any kind of fraud in the context of corporate governance. Impact of the Formation of PCAOB on Auditing Firms and the Public Accounting Professions It is apparent from the above discussion that Sarbanes-Oxley Act is quite effective in dealing with the increasing cases related to corporate fraud. In strengthening its position as an effective legal provision aimed towards reducing corporate frauds, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as used to form the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). The PCAOB is a non-profit organisation that deals with protecting the interests of the investors by promoting the accuracy in accounting reports as well as emphasising independence of professionals in developing audit reports. Apparently, aimed towards binding accounting professionals, the initiation of this regime has imposed certain impacts on auditing firms and the public accounting professions, the most affected aspect being auditor i ndependence. In the aftermath its enactment, the staff of PCAOB are in constant supervision of auditing firms and the public accounting professionals likewise, in order to identify any kind of violation of applied laws and professional standards in developing financial reports. In this regard, some of the rights of the authority include their power to impose

Summary of an article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Summary of an - Article Example As evidence of the militaristic-ideological mentality as a means of re-contextualization, the author provides an interpretation of the parallels which can be drawn between the cinematic reimagining of these storylines and modern events which provides the basis for successful adaptation of the original literature. Specifically, the article explores the connection between urban guerilla tactics in war and the dynamics present in â€Å"Coriolanus† as well as the underlying ideological sentiments which propel events within â€Å"300†. The idea of the developed nations led by corrupted governmental systems versus smaller bodies catalyzed by dogmatic beliefs is examined in regards to both films. This is done by interpreting the characters and actions of each as compared to the events of the Iraq war, Iran hostilities, Yugoslavian genocidal tactics, the rebel Sandanista government, and the invasion of Afghanistan by US forces. In each of these instances, guerilla warfare was adopted as means of fighting foreign or corrupted governmental authorities as they seek to quash the radical or otherwise divergent agendas of the proletariat. The attainment of independence and individual freedoms is used as a catalyst to propel the masses into action against more organized and better supplied adversaries. In order to achieve this, there is a need for an idealization of the idea of selfless sacrifice as a means of attaining this equal status coupled with exaggerated nationalistic sentiments and an underlying ideological cause. This combination of elements is needed to sufficiently desensitize a modern populace into large-scale violence. However, the rebellious attitude propelled by these factors is characterized as a negative, one which feeds into a flawed military-poetic complex present in volatile societies. The oft-repeated themes of rebellion against hierarchical systems fraught with corruption and

Resource Based View Strategy Formulation

Resource Based View Strategy Formulation Resource-based view (RBV) is a tool to determine strategic resources and how it affects the performance of the firm based solely on reviewing its internal environment while the external environment remains fixed. Firms using RBV competes in terms of their resources and capabilities. The aim of this paper is to study the factors that influence firms performance. The RBV emphasizes on the firms resources as the essential elements of competitive advantage and performance. It assumes two assumptions in examining sources of competitive advantage which are that the firms are heterogeneous in terms of the resources they control and that resource heterogeneity can continue over a period as the resources used to implement their strategies are not easily portable across firms (Bridoux, F, n.d).. The RBV method of analyzing firms performance is focused that other vital factors tend to be disregarded. Resources are not valuable of themselves; instead they are valuable because they allow firms to perform activities that in return create advantages for them. The competitive value of resources can be enhanced or eliminated by changes in technology, competitor behavior, or buyer needs which an inward focus on resources will overlook (Sheehan, N Foss, N, 2007). Resource uniqueness is essential as this differentiates between the firms. However, resource uniqueness is not sufficient to achieve sustainable competitive advantage and thus the resources must also be valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable and non-substitutable. RBV suggests that business processes that exploit valuable but common resources can only be a source of competitive equality; business processes that exploit valuable and rare resources can be a source of temporary competitive advantage; and business processes that exploit valuable, rare, and costly-to-imitate resources can be a source of sustained competitive advantage (Bridoux, F, n.d). The merits and demerits of RBV as the best strategy route One of the important contributions of RBV is the ability of it to measure and identify the internal environment of the firm. The importance of using RBV as a strategy route is to be able to work the inside-out approach. This means that companies using RBV focus on their internal strengths more as it is the root of their competitiveness. Furthermore, RBV recommends that effective management of operations can create uniqueness in the firms resources. Louis Vuitton is one firm in a competitive industry which has the edge over their competitors because of their product uniqueness. Louis Vuittons expertises are their design skills and manufacturing efficiency (R. Duane Ireland, Robert E. Hoskisson, Michael A. Hitt, 2008). While they may not be able to control the external environment, Louis Vuitton can use the RBV model and analyze their position and work on their strategies. Many organizations have been faced with dilemmas on how to use their resources strategically. Organizations that fail to efficiently convert their resources and capabilities into business processes cannot expect to recognize the potential competitive advantage of these resources. The RBV has little contribution in terms of predicting firm performance because of its nature of being tautological (Truijens, O. (n.d) and its focus is too narrow. Also, as a measure which only focuses on the internal environment, the RBV cannot be taken as the best strategy route. Many firms which focus mainly on the internal environment encounter competitive disadvantages to their business. For example, when IBM, a successful company achieved its success many of their competitors entered into the market. IBMs competitors included other big names such as Hewlett Packard (HP), Dell and Compaq (McNeilly, 2000). IBM did not pay close attention to their competitors because they were focused greatly on their in ternal strengths and not those of their competitors. Some other firms which have experienced failures from the strategies are Marlborough. Marlborough took the price cut strategy too far as they did not consider their competitors possible moves. The CEO of Marlborough started a price war by reducing their prices to attract consumers and gain more market share. However, their competitors also followed in reducing their prices which resulted in Marlborough facing losses. (McNeillly, 2000). RBV is not the only factor which determines performance of the firm. In industries such as the airline industry, other external factors such as timing and marketing are also essential. Entering into the industry requires good timing and this can be influenced by the economic position and consumer choice of quality and lower price. For example, Southwest airlines which are one of the well-known low cost carriers in the United States used the niche market strategy to maintain competitive advantage from its rivals. They avoided large airports, focused mainly on short flights which are ideal for families and business people, as well as excluded seating requirement and on flight meals to reduce their cost (Anonymous, 2010). Porter also mentions the common strategy of lowering cost, and product differentiation allows firms to access its strengths. Firms achieve superior positions based on being a cost leader or earning price premiums at the activity level (Anonymous, 2010). In the cost leader method of achieving sustainable competitive advantage, the firm would sell its products either at the average price to earn profits or below the average price to gain market share. The broader market usually adopts cost leadership. Wal-Mart is a cost leader. Their strategy was to form a close relationship with their suppliers which allowed them to reduce cost when purchasing in bulk (Walden University, 2010). Differentiation is another strategy mentioned by Porter. Firms produce products that vary from others and have unique features to compete against their competitors. This uniqueness of the product also allows firms to charge higher prices for their product. However, there are a few different types of differentia tion strategies. The few common ones include differentiation based on additional features, packaging, and design and positioning (Scribd, 2011). Louis Vuitton is an example of a firm that applies differentiation through design and positioning. Exploring processes, capabilities and the ability to appropriate rent and Porters industrial analysis Porters framework discusses the role of firms in formulating appropriate competitive strategy to achieve superior economic performance, and competitive approach. Also, the source of profits is not to be found in the firm but rather in the structure of the industry, especially the nature and balance of its competitive forces (Bridoux, F, n.d). However, the assumption of any relationship between firm performance and rent generation may be inaccurate. The RBV states that performance consists of rent generation and rent appropriation and we cannot predict firm performance from rent generation only. One such example is IBM. IBM assembled the strategic capabilities that built most of the modem for the personal computer industry. Yet Intel and Microsoft were ultimately able to appropriate a lot more of the related rent (Russell W. Coff, 1999). The factors that allow resources to generate rents should be valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable and non-substitutable. This issue was addressed by identifying the conditions under which a firms resources become valuable by bringing the external environment into the resource-based view. Through nurturing the internal competencies and applying them to an appropriate external environment, a firm can develop a viable strategy. Thus, for a firms resource to become valuable, it must allow the firm to exploit opportunities or neutralize threats in the firms environment (Russo, M Fouts, P, 1986). Resources as an option or real options refer to resources which are bought in present time and are either used or kept to be used in a later period. For example, land can be bought and used right away or it can be kept for use later. Real options create strategic flexibility for firms and when used effectively they can retain or increase in value. These types of resources are very useful in indus tries that have high competitiveness and use high technology. The pharmaceutical industry is one industry where there is high competitiveness. Firms such as Johnson Johnson, and Pfizer invest hugely in research and development in order to develop large numbers of drugs which can used to treat different illnesses although most of the time these drugs fail. Due to the uncertain nature of the products, these firms have to focus widely (R. Duane Ireland, Robert E. Hoskisson, Michael A. Hitt, 2008). However, firms resources on their own accord do not contribute to competitive advantage. Thus, these resources must be combined to form capabilities which in turn develop into core competencies and are used by firms to create value. Capabilities result from combining resources. Honda uses its capabilities in product design, engineering and manufacturing. Moreover, they place a great deal of emphasis on their workforce. Honda encourages their engineers to dream. This allows their employees to discover new things which add to their knowledge. This knowledge in turn will simplify their daily work. Core competencies are the capabilities which the firm pursuits and performs well. Core competencies have a competitive edge when the firms add value and outperform their competitors. The factors of core competencies which lead to a competitive advantage are valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable and non-substitutable (R. Duane Ireland, Robert E. Hoskisson, Michael A. Hitt 2008). Conclusion In conclusion, the RBV cannot be accepted as the best strategy route due its nature of being narrowly scoped and ignorant of the external environment. This measure does not provide accurate information on the firms performance. However, in a stable industry the RBV can be considered as one of the best strategy route. A firms performance should undertake many other factors which include timing, marketing, and advancement of technology, competitor behavior as well as the needs of consumers. I disagree that RBV is the best route as external factors are also very crucial in determining the performance and rent generation of firms as other external factors must also be considered. Porters external environment analysis focuses on the external factors that affect a firms performance. Dynamic industries focus more on the external environment thus preferring to use Porters theory In order for the RBV method to be more effective and efficient; it has to be studied along together with the exter nal environment. That way, firms are aware of their resources and capabilities and can nurture the internal competencies to apply them with appropriate external environment, which will allow the firm to develop practical approaches.

Hardware Store Case Analysis Essay

This paperwork of BUS 680 Week 2 Hardware Store Case Analysis consists of: 1. Do you agree with Fred’s decision to use the 3rd supplier? Please explain your answer. 2. What else might Fred do before choosing a training package? Provide enough detail to demonstrate your understanding of the key issues and approaches to determining how to proceed once a triggering event has occurred. 3. If training went ahead as indicated, how successful do you think it would be? Explain your answer. Business – General Business Hardware Store Case Analysis. Read the Case Analysis on pages 147-148 and answer the questions that follow. Listen to your parents if they have input as to what major you should decide on. They are older and wiser than you are, and you should respect their opinion, especially if they are helping pay for your college education. However, just listen. Only follow their advice if you know in your heart that is right for you. It is your degree, regardless of who pays for it. This paperwork of BUS 680 Week 2 Hardware Store Case Analysis consists of: 1. Do you agree with Fred’s decision to use the 3rd supplier? Please explain your answer. 2. What else might Fred do before choosing a training package? Provide enough detail to demonstrate your understanding of the key issues and approaches to determining how to proceed once a triggering event has occurred. 3. If training went ahead as indicated, how successful do you think it would be? Explain your answer. Business – General Business Hardware Store Case Analysis. Read the Case Analysis on pages 147-148 and answer the questions that follow. Listen to your parents if they have input as to what major you should decide on. They are older and wiser than you are, and you should respect their opinion, especially if they are helping pay for your c†¦ Listen to your parents if they have input as to what major you should decide on. They are older and wiser than you are, and you should respect their opinion, especially if they are helping pay for your college education. However, just listen. Only follow their advice if you know in your heart that is right for you. It is your degree, regardless of who pays for it. Business – General Business Hardware Store Case Analysis. Read the Case Analysis on pages 147-148 and answer the questions that follow.

Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke Health And Social Care Essay

Stroke is a complex neurovascular disease caused by multiple mechanisms that result in a break of normal intellectual blood flow. Harmonizing to Kockrow and Christensen ( 2011 ) , ischemic in-between intellectual arteria shot is an unnatural status of the blood vass in the encephalon, characterised by bleeding into the encephalon of the formation of an embolus or thrombus that occludes the in-between intellectual arteria, ensuing in ischemia of the encephalon tissue usually perfused by the damaged cells. The in-between intellectual arteria supplies the largest volume of the cerebral hemisphere, including the basal ganglia, the internal capsule, and the ocular radiations from the thalamus ( Mitchell & A ; Moore 2004 ) . The disrupted blood flow in the MCA causes intellectual disfunction. Cerebral blood flow has an autoregulatory mechanism that protects against hypoxia and low perfusion ( Johnson 2012 ) . When intellectual blood flow decreases, there is addition in blood force per unit area and vasodilation occurs as the autoregulatory mechanism attempt to counterbalance ( Johnson 2012 ) . If the blood flow falls below a critical degree, intellectual blood volume is reduced and infarction occurs. Johnson ( 2012 ) explains that the deficiency of foods usually received from oxygenated blood and the harm which is caused by unexpected shed blooding into or around the encephalon taking to cell decease. Cerebral ischaemia initiates a figure of damaging cellular events enduring which consequence in monolithic cell decease and tissue harm beyond the country originally affected by the deficiency of blood flow ( Kockrow & A ; Christensen 2011 ) .Tissue plasminogen activator is a serine peptidase which converts plasminogen to plasmin, a fibrinolytic enzyme ( McElveen & A ; Macko 2009 ) . Upon disposal, recombinant TPA increases plasmin enzymatic activity, ensuing in fibrinolysis ( Harvey 2009 ) . It is used to handle the shot in the acute phase to reconstruct flow to the is chaemic country. In ischemic stroke the dead or deceasing cells are surrounded by the penumbra-an country of cells at hazard of or enduring ischemia as explained by Harvey ( 2009 ) . Cells busying the penumbra are ill perfused and as a consequence become progressively ischemic ( Mitchell & A ; Moore 2004 ) . Circulation can be improved when TPA is administered within 3 hours in an acute ischemic shot ( Elkind 2009 ) . This will besides assist to understate decease cells in the penumbra. Collins ( 2007 ) states that the usage of TPA halts the shot by fade outing the coagulum that is barricading blood flow to the encephalon. When suitably administered to patients who fall within narrow clinical guidelines, TPA can restrict the extent of encephalon hurt and better results after shot ( Johnson 2012 ) .Describe the functions of four members of the multidisciplinary squad ( other than nursing ) who will care for Mrs Carroll.The function of the squad is to supply holistic attention which r ealistically develops of import ends for Mrs Carroll and her household, whilst testing for shot complications and trouble-shooting as jobs nowadayss.Address DiagnosticiansThe address healers have established function for measuring swallow map every bit good as address ( Lindley 2008 ) . Regular address therapy can better the result after shot. Therapy begins without hold after a shot ( ideally the following on the job twenty-four hours ) and involves Sessionss of 1-2 hours per twenty-four hours as explained by Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009. The address healers are concerned with assessing, naming and handling communicating upsets, such as formation and perceptual experience of address, the ability to joint words and to understand and originate address ( Freeman 1998 ) . The address healer will help Mrs Carroll to re learn communicating accomplishments. The address diagnostician will besides intercede closely with the nurse, dietician and household to accomplish safe swallo wing schemes for Mrs Carroll.Physical therapistsThe physical therapists will measure Mrs Carroll physical capablenesss and restrictions in a collaborative procedure ( Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009 ) . The physical therapist administers therapies designed to rectify or understate malformation, addition strength and mobility or relieve uncomfortableness or hurting ( William, Perry & A ; Watkins 2010 ) . Stroke rehabilitation comprises of exercising intercession, to understate the effects of the encephalon cell harm and optimise re-learning as stated by Lindley ( 2008 ) . William, Perry & A ; Watkins ( 2010 ) explain that the interventions include the usage of specific exercisings, heat, cold, aqua therapy and electro physical therapy. The function of the physical therapist besides involves educating Mrs Carroll and her household in right methods of placement, reassigning and call uping to help with the discharge.Occupational healersThe occupational healers aim is to help Mrs Carroll to be independent in executing activities of day-to-day life ( Lindley 2008 ) . Freeman ( 1998 ) explains that the occupational healers will find Mrs Carroll ‘s ability to execute basic activities of life such as lavation, dressing and feeding. Their function includes the appraisal of basic and more advanced functional activities ( Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009 ) . The occupational healer plants on specific undertakings in coaction with nursing staff and physical therapists ( William, Perry & A ; Watkins 2010 ) . This involves a period of appraisal including the ability to understand instructions followed by specific preparation in basic ADLS ( William, Perry & A ; Watkins 2010 ) . As Mrs Carroll has adequate motor recovery to keep sitting balance the occupational healer starts working on basic lavation ( e.g. rinsing the face, cleaning dentitions ) . As recovery returns, more complex undertakings can be assessed and practised such as showers transportations , acquiring on and off the lavatory. The occupational healers assess the demand for, and supply, adaptative devices to advance independency with bathing, eating and dressing. Home alterations are besides assessed by the occupational healers to guarantee that the place environment is safe and contributing to Mrs Carroll ‘s independency degree as elucidated by Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009.PsychologistsPsychologist has an of import function in assisting Mrs Carroll towards a successful recovery. Their expertness is peculiarly utile in measuring temper, depression and assisting Mrs Carroll through hard accommodation periods by pull offing her choler and other hurt ( Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009 ) . The psychologist is concerned with the causes, bar and intervention of the single societal jobs particularly in respect to interaction between Mrs Carroll and the physical and societal environment ( Lindley 2008 ) . The psychologists will help the rehabilitation sq uad with schemes to pull off Mrs Carroll ‘s behavioral perturbations that impact on the twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours rehabilitation procedure ( Freeman 1998 ) .3. Describe the schemes that may assist active engagement of the patient and household in the rehabilitation plan.The active engagement of Mrs Carroll and her household has a important function to play after her shot. Their support will be of great comfort for Mrs Carroll and when the shot has caused major jobs, their aid in the recovery procedure is a cardinal portion of good shot attention ( Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009 ) . The household need to understand and be involved with the rehabilitative ends that Mrs Carroll has developed with the squad and the methods selected to run into these ends as explained by William, Perry & A ; Watkins ( 2010 ) . This can include acquiring the household members to reenforce peculiar preparation Sessionss and developing the household to pull off Mrs Carroll with a position to dispatch for illustration learning techniques to reassign Mrs Carroll from bed to wheelchair or acquiring Mrs Carroll into a attention safely ( Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009 ) . This will enable them to experience that they are playing a critical function in rehabilitation. Family members need to understand that their greatest part may be to let Mrs Carroll to be every bit independent as possible ( Gillespie & A ; Campbell 2011 ) . Another scheme that will assist the active engagement of the household is household conference with the multidisciplinary squad and the physician where they will have specific information on the type of shot that affected Mrs Carroll and about her advancement as illustrated by Popovich, Fox, & A ; Bandagi ( 2007 ) . Working with Mrs Carroll and her household will assist Mrs Carroll to accomplish realistic ends in their shot journey. It is besides really of import to learn the household techniques to heighten safety and communicating ( Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009 ) . Family members can besides supply valuable information about Mrs Carroll ‘s usual life style. The household members can help in reorienting Mrs Carroll to the affected side and implementing safety safeguards. It is besides of import for the household to be cognizant of the shortages and intercessions appropriate for Mrs Carroll ( Lindley 2008 ) .4. Mrs Carroll ‘s defeat with motor activities and address make her angry. Discuss how choler may be used to ease effectual header and how rehabilitation nurses can enable patients to utilize their energy therapeutically.Nursing intercessions to ease emotional accommodation to stroke should include hearing, detering self-blame, promoting Mrs Carroll to verbalize her feelings, advancing independency, assisting Mrs Carroll reappraise her state of affairs, and show credence and acknowledgment of her advancement as highlighted by William, Perry & A ; Watkins ( 2010 ) .It is of import tha t early marks of uneffective header to be detected so that patients at hazard for depression may be assessed and treated. The psychologist can besides help in supplying get bying schemes for nurse and speech healer to pull off Mrs Carroll ‘s defeat and choler ( Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009 ) . By back uping Mrs Carroll, instead than taking her, the nurse can assist her to gain her restrictions, consolidate loss and authorise her to be after for a hereafter that will be fulfilling to her.The construct of hope can be characterized by an unsure desire to accomplish ends that will let Mrs Carroll to set and travel end stations when transmutations occur as explained by Western ( 2007 ) . An achieved end or success against a nerve-racking experience creates an immediate sense of peace and good being and a generalized hope emerges for future successes harmonizing to Popovich, Fox, & A ; Bandagi ( 2007 ) . Hope is of import to recovery as it gives persons the motive and str ength to accomplish their ends ( Western 2007 ) . Empowerment so can be seen as a agency of assisting persons to recognize and accomplish their ends. Mrs Carroll becomes frustrated when she can non pass on, but alternatively of retreating from the conversation the nurse should promote her to do regular efforts to pass on with the squad and household. Hence her address will better daily and this will assist to accomplish her set ends ( ( Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009 ) .5. Describe the medicines that Mrs Carroll is taking and discourse the grounds for administrating these medicines in his current status. Why should a cholesterin lowing agent be considered for Mrs Carroll?MetforminHarmonizing to Tiziani ( 2010 ) , Mrs Carroll was prescribed Glucophage as she has a history of Type 2 diabetes. Metformin acts chiefly by diminishing the production of glucose in the liver as described by Bullock and Manias ( 2011 ) . It besides slows soaking up of glucose signifier the intestine, inhibits glucagon secernment and tissue glycolisis ( Lindley 2008 ) . This medicine is prescribed when the blood sugar degree can non be controlled with diet alone ( Lindley 2008 ) .Avapro HCTThis medicine is used to handle mild to chair high blood pressure explained by Tiziani ( 2010 ) . The combination of a thiazide water pill ( hydochlorothiazide ) and angiotensin receptor adversary produces a greater decrease in blood force per unit area ( Tiziani 2010 ) .Irbesartan blocks the potent vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotonin II by selective hostility of the angiotonin II receptors localized on vascular smooth musculus cells and in the adrenal cerebral mantle ( Bullock & A ; Manias 2011 ) . Hydrochlorothiazide increases plasma renin activity, increases aldosterone secernment, and decreases serum K. Coadministration of an angiotonin II receptor adversary tends to change by reversal the K loss associated with thiazide water pills ( Bullock & A ; Manias 2011 ) . This medicine will assist to take down Mrs Carroll ‘s blood force per unit area.ClopridogrelThis medicine is used to forestall thromboembolic events, ischemic bosom disease and bar of shot ( Tiziani 2010 ) . Harmonizing to Bullock and Manias ( 2011 ) , it inhibits thrombocyte collection by irreversibly adhering to adenosine disphosphate thrombocyte receptor. Mrs Carroll has a past history of atrial fibrillation and she has a high hazard of shot from embolisation of cardiac thrombus ( Freeman 1998 ) . This medicine will cut down the hazard of holding a shot. Mrs Carroll ‘s LDL cholesterin degree is high and this increases the hazard of ischemic shot and bosom disease ( Lindley 2008 ) . A cholesterin take downing agent should be considered for Mrs Carroll to assist forestall farther vascular disease ( Mitchell & A ; Moore 2004 ) . William, Perry & A ; Watkins ( 2010 ) explain that the lower the blood cholesterin, the lower the subsequent hazard of ischemic shot and other thrombotic vascular disease. The cholesterin take downing agent has the ability to brace atheromatic plaque, cut down thrombogenicity every bit good as its consequence on dyslipidaemia ( Tiziani 2010 ) .6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of get downing Mrs Carroll on medicine to command her urinary incontinency?Harmonizing to Bullock and Manias ( 2011 ) , anticholinergics interfere with the parasympathetic excitations of the detrusor musculus by barricading the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, ensuing in fewer nonvoluntary contractions ( . One of the disadvantages of utilizing medicine to command her urinary incontinency is that it causes hazard of mental confusion ( Tiziani 2010 ) . Her cognitive operation has decreased since she had the autumn, hence this medicine will do it worse. Anticholinergics medicine additions hazard of terrible irregularity, Mrs Carroll suffers from irregularity already this medicine will increase the hazard of holding intestine obstructor. Furthermore, bladder preparation can better urinary incontinency and encouraging Mrs Carroll to utilize medicine will cut down her independency and motive ( Lindley 2008 ) . Mrs Carroll might experience embarrassed to go to therapy due to her urinary incontinency. Therefore she could decline therapy and this will non assist in the recovery procedure. Urinary incontinency may do clamber dislocation and roseola due to extra of wet in the genital-perineal country ( Borleis 2012 ) . This medicine will besides cut down the hazard of Mrs Carroll acquiring a urinary piece of land infection as she would non necessitate to travel to the lavatory more frequently. Furthermore, good continency attention plays a cardinal function in assisting to reconstruct Mrs Carroll self esteem and independency ( Freeman 1998 ) . The medicine will besides assist Mrs Carroll to come on with vesica preparation ( William, Perry & A ; Watkins ( 2010 ) .7. Mrs Carroll had a strong spiritual religion prior to her shot but has since refused to see the Priest or members of her church. What intercessions might you implement to assist her recover her religious well being?Mrs Carroll might b e embarrassed to run into her friends due to her status. First I would try to find the ground ( s ) for the hurt, and back up the Mrs Carroll to analyze her beliefs and values ( Tanyi 2006 ) . Supply research-based grounds to Mrs Carroll about the positive impacts of spiritualty on her wellness and operation ( Tanyi 2006 ) . Spending one on one clip with her and assist her to reflect back on her past religious well being might assist in cut downing her religious hurting.I would mention Mrs Carroll to a societal worker who may mention her farther to a psychologist ( Lindley 2008 ) . Her religious well being might non be straight related to her faith. Involve her in a speculation group with other patients who had stroke to assist her talk about her state of affairs. I would easy present one friend at a clip and see how she reacts to that. It is besides really of import to let Mrs Carroll to grief for the loss of what her life was and guarantee that she is cognizant that the nurse is a t that place to assist her. Pastoral attention services are inter-denominational and will be able to offer religious attention to Mrs Carroll ( Funnel, Koutoukidis & A ; Lawrence 2009 ) .8. How does the nurse utilise patient information obtained during admittance to help in the acknowledgment of discharge demands? What community resources would you see to assist Mrs Carroll and her hubby?A thorough nursing appraisal obtained during admittance enables the nurse to place existent and possible jobs of Mrs Carroll ( Fawcett & A ; Rhynas 2012 ) . Discharge planning is critical to advance good being and maximal recovery ( Freeman 1998 ) . On admittance, it was identified that Mr Carroll is really dependent on his married woman and that he is due for an operation in two hebdomads. Furthermore, they live in a two floor three sleeping rooms townhouse which will non be ideal for her when she come back from infirmary due to her limited mobility. To guarantee continuity of attention, the interd isciplinary procedure start on admittance by interceding with the societal worker, occupational healer, physical therapist and societal web as explained by Lindley ( 2008 ) . Mrs Carroll is active in the community and she besides has supportive friends within the Parish Community. The community can besides organize a support group for shot patients to run into other people from the community who understand what you have been through. A resource battalion can be developed for Mr Carroll supplying inside informations of community services and benefits available. On discharge, guarantee good links and information sharing between the infirmary and community squads, and between wellness and societal attention suppliers. Arrange chances for shot subsisters and households to run into cardinal community staff such as territory nurses and stroke affair nurses before discharge ( Gillespie & A ; Campbell 2011 ) .9. Mrs Carroll was an active member of his community but now has limited address. Describe any schemes you could utilize to help communicating and the discharge instruction you would supply to her hubby sing her communication with others in societal state of affairss.Communication troubles can significantly impact quality of life and cause hurt and defeat for households, friends and the patient ( Speech Pathology Services 2012 ) . A broad scope of schemes can back up communicating such as taking distractions when speaking to the patient as explained by Speech Pathology Services 2012. The usage of different sorts of communicating such as gesture, indicating or composing will assist to understand Mrs Carroll ( William, Perry & A ; Watkins 2010 ) . The nurse should explicate to Mr Carroll that it is really of import to talk in short sentences, easy and in a respectful tone with normal volume. When pass oning with Mrs Carroll, the individual should let excess clip to treat the information and repetition the message or state it in another manner ( Speech Pathology Ser vices 2012 ) . The usage of communicating devices will besides advance comprehension and apprehension ( Freeman 1998 ) . Communicating with his married woman could be really frustrating, it really of import for him to stay unagitated and patient. It is indispensable to supply accessible information for Mrs Carroll and her household on the peculiar type of address damage that Mrs Carroll has to heighten apprehension and assistance communicating ( William, Perry & A ; Watkins 2010 ) .10. Complete an admittance and discharge FIM for Mrs CarrollPlease see affiliated

Milton Friedmans Views on Business and Ethical Consideration

Question 1: In the 1960s, Milton Friedman said that the purpose of business was to increase shareholder return and that issues of ethics were not the concern of any business – the law should be complied with, morality should be strived for, but ethical consideration had no place in the business environment. Ø Consider the multiple publics (employees, suppliers, consumers, communities, and shareholders for example) that are involved in all business transactions. Ø Explain why ethical consideration IS appropriate and required when conducting business in the 21rst century. Ø Give some specific examples of ethical issues that confront businesses and how these might be addressed. Answer 1: While doing some research about Friedman’s†¦show more content†¦I believe that companies are responsible to honor their promises and show their good manners to the society, it is very important to look good in front of the world as an ethical company with good manners. Ethical consideration is required when conducting business in the 21st century for many reasons. First of all, there is nothing wrong from being ethical, in the contrary you will gain people’s trust and chances for your company to be more reputable are much higher. When considering ethical issues, we have to consider things in a global prospective, because what may be perfectly right for one nation may be looked in a different way from a different nation. So, people have to be very careful when setting ethical standards, and sometimes businesses are forced to follow morals of another country. Paying attention to details is the key to success, and I have noticed this while living in Qatar, how some of the global companies have changed TV advertisements and they have adopted them to Qatari culture. For example when they are presenting a new softener for clothes they may use a model wearing hijab (a veil to cover female’s hair) and this is very appreciated in Muslim countries and makes them buy that product instead of another products using a normal model. With other words, this would not be an unethical situation back in the States but in the other hand it touches the moral of a different nation andShow MoreRelatedThe Ford Pinto Case Analysis1576 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ford Pinto Case Milton Friedman believed a free-market system, in which goods and services are exchanged and controlled by individuals and privately-owned businesses without government authority, was the only way to achieve personal freedom. Adam Smith, a 18th century philosopher and economist, held the belief that in a free society, the role of government should be limited to the protection of the people, the administration of justice through the court system, and the maintenance of all publicRead MoreCritique of Milton and Rose Friedman, Free to Choose.1587 Words   |  7 PagesEssay question: Milton Friedmans claims that ‘voluntary exchange is a necessary condition for both prosperity and freedom. Carefully examine the assumptions about ‘power, ‘choice and ‘market efficiency that underpin his claim. Give reasons for your agreement or disagreement with him. This essay is a short critique of the theory by Milton and Rose Friedman, Free to choose: A personal statement, focusing on chapter 1. I will argue that Friedman is right in saying, Â… voluntary exchange isRead MoreFriedmans View On Corporate Social Responsibility1775 Words   |  8 PagesFriedman’s View on Corporate Social Responsibility The answer to the questions of Why does a business exist? and What purposes does/should it serve within society? are not agreed upon by all. The concept that companies having social obligations beyond their economic benefit is controversial (Chandler Werther Jr., 2014). This paper will briefly examine the viewpoint of the well-known economist, Milton Friedman, whose assertions have been very influential in the debate surrounding corporate socialRead More Business vs. the Environment Essay1423 Words   |  6 Pages Business vs. the Environment Business today has so many responsibilities. Aside from making a profit, they are forced to take on a different responsibility, one that involves the environment. Even though, they already have many regulations set by the government, they are still being asked to answer to the call of helping out the rest of society take of nature. This essay will discuss the pros and cons of corporate responsibility for the environment through the agent-of-society and agent-of-capitalRead More: Critically Evaluate Corporate Social Responsibility as an Ethical Tool Basing Some of Your Argument on the Toyota Case Study1711 Words   |  7 Pagesfor a firm to purse long term goals that are good for the society. This entails the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving quality of the workforce and their families as well as that of the local community and society at large. Bhatia (2004) defined corporate social responsibility as a tool that encompass good business ethics and encourage enterprises to be involved in social issues such as community improvement, improving underdevelopedRead MoreDo You Agree with Milton Friedman’s (1970) Claim That: â€Å"the Only Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits†?2888 Words   |  12 PagesDo you agree with Milton Friedman’s (1970) claim that: â€Å"the only responsibility of business is to increase its profits†? Today we live in a world were companies are major actors and influence society on many levels. This is why ethics were brought into the business world. Ethical enterprises follow certain values and moral beliefs and were created with the supposed intention of using that influence in a positive way and protect what surrounds them, whether it is the people who work for the companyRead MoreImportance Of Corporate Social Responsibility On Todays Society1136 Words   |  5 PagesImportance of Corporate Social Responsibility in today’s society Before five years, I came across a situation which led me to think about the importance and need of social responsibility by business enterprises. To start off giving a brief background, my brother was a fresh graduate from the school of architecture where he got his first individual contract in India. He had to design a mall that was planned to kick start after few years. The land where it was being constructed belonged to an oldRead MoreImportance Of Corporate Social Responsibility On Todays Society1293 Words   |  6 PagesJait Shukla ENG W 131 Essay 2 Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility in Today’s Society Before five years, I came across a situation which led me to think about the importance and need of social responsibility by business enterprises. To start off giving a brief background, my brother was a fresh graduate from the school of architecture where he got his first individual contract in India. He had to design a mall that was planned to kick start after a few years. The land where it was beingRead MoreThe Friedman Doctrine And Social Responsibility1276 Words   |  6 PagesThe Friedman Doctrine Taking a share holder approach to social responsibility, Milton Friedman views shareholders as the economic engine of the organization and the only group a firm must be socially responsible to. For the risk taken by investing in the firm, Friedman says the goal of the firm is to maximize profits and return portions of those profits to shareholders. Because a firms’ only concern is to increase profits for themselves and shareholder, they have not social responsibility to theRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility At The End Of The Tunnel1131 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Responsibility: The necessary price to win customers A business is not a business without struggles. Even when a business is considering wise strategies to manage several issues, there are possible chances of not finding the desired solutions at the end of the tunnel. Thus, it is undeniable that businesses lean on larger industries and supportive organizations during these times. Issues and problems are inevitable in every business just as they are in society. A society relies on a variety of